Markets and Trade

16/06/2025

In the current edition of a regular joint bi-yearly report, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) warn that acute food insecurity is likely to worsen across 13 countries and territories identified as hotspots, during the outlook period from June to October 2025.

13/06/2025

World maize prices declined sharply in May 2025 on improved seasonal availability from Southern Hemisphere harvests and record production prospects in the United States of America. Wheat prices also declined, underpinned by improved crop conditions in some major exporting countries and the effect of trade policy changes in Argentina and the Russian Federation. By contrast, international rice prices increased.

June-2025-Front-cover-V2
12/06/2025

FAO’s latest assessments indicate a relatively optimistic outlook for food commodity markets, with production and trade of all commodities, except sugar, anticipated to increase. However, this growth will have different impacts on stock recovery, influenced by the delicate balance between supply and demand. Global food commodity production remains vulnerable to weather conditions.

04/06/2025

Food insecurity has been steadily worsening since 2018, with a record 5.7 million people estimated to be facing high levels of food insecurity between March and June 2025 and more than 8 400 individuals in displacement camps facing IPC Phase 5 (Catastrophe) level. Widespread gang violence is severely disrupting livelihoods and deteriorating food security. The decline in national cereal production is expected to continue in 2025.

26/05/2025

The Food and Agricultural Markets Analysis Team (FAMA), provides economic data and analysis on major agricultural raw materials, horticultural and tropical products. The Team also undertakes market reviews, outlook appraisals and projections and provides assistance to member countries in designing and implementing national policies for those agricultural commodities, which enter into international trade.

23/05/2025

The Banana Market Review Preliminary Results are issued on an annual basis to Members and Observers of the Sub-Group on Bananas of the Intergovernmental Group on Bananas and Tropical Fruits, which is a subsidiary body of the Committee on Commodity Problems (CCP).

22/05/2025

The April 2025 issue of the dairy market review provides an overview of key developments in global milk production, dairy trade and prices during 2024. It shows that global milk production expanded in 2024, although at a slower pace than the previous year, sustained by significant output growth in Asia, Oceania and parts of Europe.

19/05/2025

The annual FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) was conducted from 3 to 16 December 2024 to estimate the cereal production during 2024 and assess the overall food security situation in the country. The 2024 net cereal production is estimated at about 1 123 000 tonnes, over 10 percent higher than the 2023 output and 25 percent above the average of the previous five years.

12/05/2025

Prices of all major cereals increased slightly in April 2025. Tighter exportable surpluses in some major exporters, currency movements and trade policy developments counteracted each other on wheat and maize markets. International rice prices increased slightly, as demand for fragrant varieties strengthened and seasonal downward pressure on prices diminished in Viet Nam.

08/05/2025

The Monthly Price Update is an information product provided by the oilseeds desk of the Markets and Trade Division of FAO. It reviews the development of international prices for oilseeds, oils and meals as reflected by FAO’s price indices.

25/04/2025

At the request of the Government of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, a joint FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) visited the country from 7 to 21 December 2024. The objectives of the CFSAM (henceforth referred to as the Mission) were to estimate staple food crop production in 2024, assess the impact of multiple flood events and other factors affecting the agriculture sector.

22/04/2025

The April 2025 issue of the publication summarizes the salient trends and drivers of market developments and significant public policy changes in 2024. The review shows that world meat production expanded in 2024, underpinned by increased slaughter and improved profitability.

17/04/2025

The Monthly Price Update is an information product provided by the oilseeds desk of the Markets and Trade Division of FAO. It reviews the development of international prices for oilseeds, oils and meals as reflected by FAO’s price indices. In March 2025, the FAO price indices for oilseeds and oilmeals continued to fluctuate within a narrow range and remained below their respective levels a year ago.

14/04/2025

International prices of maize, wheat and rice dropped in March 2025. Rising trade tensions weighed on market sentiment for maize and wheat. Declines in world prices of grains were further driven by the arrival of the seasonal Southern Hemisphere supplies, weaker global import demand and diminished concerns over crop production concerns in some major exporters. International rice prices also declined, reflecting weak import demand and ample exportable supplies.

18/03/2025

At the request of the government, an FAO Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission (CFSAM) visited the country from 17 to 30 November 2024 to estimate the 2024 crop production, assess the impact of floods that occurred in July, August and September, identify other factors that influenced crop production, analyse food market conditions and forecast cereals and pulses import requirements for the 2024/25 marketing year (July/June).

14/03/2025

In February 2025, international maize and wheat prices increased due to seasonally tighter supplies and concerns over crop production in key exporting countries. By contrast, international rice quotations declined, as ample exportable supplies and weak import demand exerted downward pressure on prices. FAO’s analysis of the latest domestic staple food price data indicates that prices remained higher year-on-year in many countries during January and February 2025.

14/03/2025

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide and ranks among the most traded commodities globally. It sustains the livelihoods of some 25 million farmers and creates additional employment throughout the coffee value chain. For many low-income countries, coffee exports represent an important source of revenue, generating foreign currency reserves essential for securing access to global markets for the import of goods and services.

12/03/2025

The Monthly Price Update is an information product provided by the oilseeds desk of the Markets and Trade Division of FAO. It reviews the development of international prices for oilseeds, oils and meals as reflected by FAO’s price indices. In February 2025, the FAO price indices for oilseeds and vegetable oils increased slightly from the previous month, and the oilmeal index declined after rising for two consecutive months.

07/03/2025

The triannual Crop Prospects and Food Situation report provides a forward-looking global analysis of cereal production, market trends and food security conditions, with a particular attention on low-income food-deficit countries. FAO assesses that 45 countries, including 33 in Africa, nine in Asia, two in Latin America and the Caribbean, and one in Europe, are in need of external assistance for food.

07/03/2025

The cereal supply and demand balances included in this report present a subset of data from the FAO/GIEWS Country Cereal Balance System (CCBS) database created and continuously kept up to date by the Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture (GIEWS) and Basic Foodstuffs teams of the Markets and Trade Division, with data since 1980.

06/12/2024

FAO's The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2024 explored the theme, "Trade and nutrition: Policy coherence for healthy diets." The 2024 edition discussed the complex linkages between food trade and nutrition and generates evidence to show how trade can affect dietary patterns and nutritional outcomes.

23/05/2024

Tea is more than a commodity, it’s a culture, a way of life. A universal symbol of comfort and good health. Much more than a beverage, tea generates employment and income worldwide, enriching the livelihoods of millions of people, empowering whole communities to thrive over generations, and providing stability in an ever-changing world.

23/05/2024

For International Tea Day 2024, multi-hyphenate (actor-model-designer-entrepreneur) Waris Ahluwalia - who was born in Punjab, India - exchanges with his mother, Darshan Ahluwalia on the importance of tea, and the importance of tea in their lives. Film directed by Danny Sangra.

21/05/2024

Discover the rich heritage of five traditional tea cultivation systems The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has designated five incredible tea production areas as Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) for their combination of unique landscapes, agricultural heritage and traditional farming methods passed down for generations.

22/08/2023

Recognising the long history and the cultural and economic significance of tea around the world, as well as the significant role it plays in rural development, poverty reduction and food security in developing countries, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 21 May as International Tea Day, calling on FAO to lead the observance.

17/05/2023

Tea is an age-old symbol of wellbeing that appears in the arts, literature, music and boasts countless colours and varieties. Around the world, tea is our most-loved drink, after water. But tea is more than just a shared experience. To millions of farmers in developing countries, tea is the main source of income.

07/10/2022

From field to fabric, the familiar touch of cotton is woven into our lives. Cotton is one of the oldest natural fibers. It is the thread connecting civilizations

07/10/2022

More than just a textile, cotton is a culture and a way of life for hundreds of millions of households worldwide. Cotton creates jobs and incomes for millions at the heart of the supply chain.

20/07/2022

Food Price Monitoring & Analysis (FPMA) Tool | Updated version Across the world and around the clock, the buying and selling of food commodities take place along supply chains that get food from producers to consumers.

28/06/2022

This edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO) discusses how trade policies, based on both multilateral and regional approaches, can address today’s challenges for sustainable development.

27/06/2022

In the last two years our world has experienced some dramatic changes. COVID-19 has shaken the foundations of our way of life. In turbulent times one feelgood gesture has connected populations across the globe. The simple act of sharing a cup of tea. We prepare tea in many ways, but this ancient ritual stretches beyond cultures. Tea is a culture in itself.

20/05/2022

Steeped in ritual and legacy, tea is the world’s best-loved beverage, after water. Globally, the tea-economy helps sustain the livelihoods of millions of smallholder households. From Egypt to China, Afghanistan to Sri Lanka and Viet Nam, small-scale farmers produce 60% of the world’s tea.

19/10/2021

These beverages are more than just a brew, they embody hundreds of years of knowledge that spans across generations. Tea and coffee are linked to many potential health benefits, as mounting scientific evidence has shown. To millions of farmers in the poorest parts of the world, however, tea and coffee represent a source of income, livelihoods and a ladder out of poverty.

31/05/2021

Food is more global than ever before. Reduced trade barriers, advances in production, logistics, and a rising demand for food have powered trade and global supply chains. These processes have unlocked millions of jobs, supporting social and economic development around the world.

21/05/2021

The origins of tea stretch back more than 5 000 years, but its contributions to health, culture and socioeconomic development are still as relevant today. Tea is currently grown in very localized areas, and supports over 13 million people, including smallholder farmers and their households, who depend on the tea sector for their livelihoods.

21/04/2016

Trade has a critical role to play in eradicating global hunger. It has a direct impact on food prices and volumes. Boubaker Ben Belhassen, Director of the FAO Trade and Markets Division together with Ekaterina Krivonos, Economist explain how trade policy can contribute to food security worldwide.

Expert consultation on trade and nutrition

15/11/2016, Roma

Scope and objectives 
This expert meeting is intended to explore issues around the relationship between trade and nutrition. It will address the role of trade in the “nutrition transition” and the extent to which trade and trade policies can be either detrimental to, or supportive of improved nutrition. It will also look at the impacts of changes in trade and domestic policies on food availability at home and in countries abroad and how these policies can change dietary patterns.

The invited experts will present their findings in these areas during prepared interventions; an open debate in each session will help consolidate and refine the results as well as identify knowledge gaps and future research. In particular, the following questions will be addressed: 

1. How have diets evolved in developed and developing countries? Have diets become healthier over time? What are the prospects towards 2050?

2. What have been the main drivers of changing diets and the “nutrition transition”? What are the impacts of globalisation, trans-national companies, urbanisation and market liberalization? How will these drivers change diets over the decades to come?

3. How do agricultural (domestic and trade) policies affect nutrition outcomes of the countries that implement them and their trading partners? What trade and agricultural policy options can generate co-benefits for nutrition? Should trade policies be used to pursue nutritional outcomes or be kept focused on trade policy goals? 

 

Presentations

Day 1 - Tuesday 15 November

What makes a healthy diet a healthy diet? Ashkan Afshin, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)

Trends in food consumption and driver of change. David Hallam, Former Director EST/FAO

Major trends in diets and nutrition: A global perspective to 2050. Siwa Msangi, IFPRI

Structural change in agriculture, food and nutrition. Will Masters, Tufts University

The role of FDI in food industries, transnational corporations and supermarkets in shifting diets. W. Bruce Traill, University of Reading 

Influence of agricultural, trade and food policies on diets. Bhavani Shankar, SOAS 

Day 2 - Wednesday 16 

Impacts of US agricultural policies on obesity. Joseph Glauber, IFPRI

CAP reform and diets. Josef Schmidhuber, FAO 

Economic transformation, agricultural policies and nutritional habits in Russia. Christine Burggraf, IAMO 

Measuring the costs of nutritious diets: Results from Ghana. Will Masters, Tufts University

Saudi Arabia’s food security policy and nutrition. Panos Konandreas, Trade Policy Plus

Effect of local market access on diets, consumption, and nutritional indicators in Ethiopia. Bart Minten, IFPRI

Trade liberalisation and regional dietary patterns in rural India. Cherry Law, University of Kent