Indigenous crops are transforming rural mountain farming in Rajasthan, India

07/02/2025

Rajasthan, one of India’s most climate-sensitive states, is experiencing more frequent droughts, erratic rainfall, and rising temperatures. These challenges are intensifying agricultural struggles for local communities, straining water resources, increasing migration and raising concerns about food security. In the foothills of the Aravalli mountains, an organization called Vaagdhara is turning to traditional knowledge and adaptation techniques to help build resilient mountain communities. 

Vaagdhara's core value is Swaraj (self-reliance), which is drawn from Gandhian philosophy. By promoting indigenous crops such as the Urad bean, Pathariya rice, and Safed Saathi Makai maize, the organization is strengthening local food systems with resilient varieties. To expand market opportunities for these traditional crops, Vaagdhara joined the Mountain Partnership Product (MPP) Initiative, which supports mountain small-scale farmers by improving product recognition and access to buyers. One of its most significant achievements since joining the initiative has been the successful revival of Safed Saathi Makai maize, a variety once lost to the region.  

Through hands-on support at each stage of the production cycle, from planting to harvest, Vaagdhara equips farmers with the tools to build sustainable livelihoods. It also facilitates access to both rural and urban markets, helping farmers secure better incomes. The MPP Initiative further amplifies their efforts by promoting Vaagdhara’s products with narrative labels that showcase their nutritional value, enhancing their visibility and appeal in local markets. 

Since joining the MPP Initiative, Vaagdhara has seen remarkable gains—Safed Saathi Makai maize production surged by over 50 percent, and Urad bean by 70 percent in just one year. Prices for Safed Saathi Makai rose by 67 percent, easing financial stress for farmers and also becoming a popular choice for farmers to integrate into their farming practices. 

By cultivating these indigenous crops, a farmer in the village of Anandpuri, Banswara district, has reaped the benefits of the MPP Initiative. Lalita Kampa has successfully adapted to unpredictable weather using two of these traditional varieties together: Safed Saathi Makai maize and Urad bean. The mixed-cropping method allows her to benefit from both crops in a single season and provides a safeguard against climate variability—if one crop struggles, the other can still thrive. The Urad bean also enriches the soil, enhancing Safed Saathi Makai maize growth. Last year, Lalita harvested 109 kg of Urad bean and 225 kg of Safed Saathi Makai maize. More than enough for her and her family! 

With Vaagdhara's support, Lalita sold over half of her harvest, generating a dependable income stream for her and her family. The preservation and promotion of these indigenous varieties have given hope to farmers in the area, as they are now more optimistic about their future, using indigenous crops that can withstand climate unpredictability.  

The collaboration between the Mountain Partnership Product Initiative and Vaagdhara has demonstrated the value of supporting local efforts to conserve and promote mountain indigenous crops, which have empowered communities, through their health benefits and resilience in the face of climate change. As more farmers embrace these climate-resilient varieties, they are not only safeguarding their traditions but also ensuring that the land continues to nourish generations to come. 

Related links

Learn more about Vaagdhara

Learn more about the Mountain Partnership Product (MPP) Initiative